Readers respond to articles by Gaby Hinsliff and Sumaiya Motara on the availability of first jobs, and the hoops applicants are made to jump through
NamespaceWhat it isolatesWhat the process seesPIDProcess IDsOwn process tree, starts at PID 1MountFilesystem mount pointsOwn mount table, can have different rootNetworkNetwork interfaces, routingOwn interfaces, IP addresses, portsUserUID/GID mappingCan be root inside, nobody outsideUTSHostnameOwn hostnameIPCSysV IPC, POSIX message queuesOwn shared memory, semaphoresCgroupCgroup root directoryOwn cgroup hierarchyTimeSystem clocks (monotonic, boot)Own system uptime and clock offsetsNamespaces are what Docker containers use. When you run a container, it gets its own PID namespace (cannot see host processes), its own mount namespace (own filesystem view), its own network namespace (own interfaces), and so on.
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Operating system-level security features, application sandboxing, and permission systems
Roughly half of councils were not collecting food waste weekly before the creation of the Simpler Recycling legislation, while some have had the collections in place for more than a decade.